The article provides a theoretical and methodological justification of the model of formation of legal competence of students of non-legal universities, aimed at the formation of the legal culture of students of a physical education university in the field of training «Pedagogical education with two training profiles». The relevance of the research lies in the fact that in the conditions of the competence approach, a significant role is assigned to the formation of the legal competence of students of non-law schools. A low level of legal literacy is often associated with a rather complex law enforcement practice, an extensive system of legislation, which ultimately leads to distortion of legal information, a decrease in the use of available remedies for their violated rights, and as a consequence, a low level of implementation in their active behavior of legal norms. The purpose of the research is theoretical and methodological substantiation, modeling of the process of formation of legal competence of students of neyuri.

The article discusses the relevance of universal skills (soft skills), as well as the importance of their presence in the content of the future engineer’s professional experience. The purpose of the study: substantiation and development of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the making of this experience among students in the educational process of a technical university. The objectives of the study include identifying important professional skills from the perspective of students, education and employers; studying the concept of «professional experience» and its structural components; description of organizational and pedagogical conditions for professional experience making for future engineers. In his research, the author relies on a competence-based approach, since this approach meets the challenges of practice-oriented modern production, which requires employees to possess not only professional, but also universal skills that give them the opportunity to approach work problems in a non-standard way. On the basis of studying the current situation in engineering and education, as well as on the basis of the results of a questionnaire clarifying the priority of skills as part of the professional experience of a future engineer, contradictions between the needs of employers and the existing reality in education are revealed. This reality is represented by a lack of understanding by modern students and creators of educational standards of these skill`s relevance in the modern engineer’s professional experience. The author of the article came to the conclusion that the professional experience making of future engineers will be effective if the organizational and pedagogical conditions created at a technical university are aimed at developing professional skills that are in demand by modern employers. The article can be useful for teachers of technical universities, both engineering and humanities.

The article discusses the use of hybrid learning in the post-COVID era. The concept of hybrid learning is disclosed, its difference from blended learning is determined, which consists in the fact that the student interacts not with the teacher, whose main function becomes advisory, but with an educational online resource. The article also presents the main forms of hybrid learning: synchronous and asynchronous. During the synchronous interaction format, learning takes place simultaneously using a virtual learning platform, but teachers and students are in different places. In asynchronous learning, students and the teacher interact at different times and are in different places. The methodological features of the use of hybrid learning in the post-COVID era are highlighted (flexibility in learning, expanded access to learning, teacher support, reducing the number of absenteeism, taking into account the needs of all students, feedback, greater student involvement). Taking into account the methodological features of the use of hybrid learning in the post-COVID era, a questionnaire was developed for teachers and students of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «OmSPU», in order to identify the demand for a form of hybrid education in the educational process in the post-COVID era. The results of a survey of teachers and students of the Faculty of Foreign Languages of the Omsk State Pedagogical University made it possible to prove the need to use a hybrid form of education in the educational process, both synchronous and asynchronous. The survey showed that OmSPU teachers are ready to use this form of education in the educational process and consider it quite effective. Based on the results of the survey, methodological recommendations were developed for teachers of the Faculty of Foreign Languages on the use of hybrid learning in the post-COVID era.

The article presents data from a study of the methodological level of the culture of distance learning. The purpose of the study was to confirm the emergence of a methodological level of distance learning culture and its characteristics. The basis of the study was: materials of educational and methodological support of academic disciplines in the electronic educational environment of the Omsk branch of the University «Synergy», interviews with teachers of this branch. The chronological scope of the study was limited from March 2020 to January 2022. The selection of materials for the study was carried out by the method of content analysis. The analysis of the obtained data made it possible to formulate the concept of distance learning, to introduce the concept of «culture of distance learning», to define the «methodological level of the culture of distance learning», to identify the components of the methodological level of culture. As a result of the study, it became clear that the methodological level of distance learning culture includes three components: methodological support, methodological techniques and time interval. We also found that over the past 2 years there have been changes in the methodological support of distance learning, a search for new methodological techniques is being carried out and the emphasis is shifting to taking into account time intervals when teaching academic disciplines in a distance format. Regarding new methodological approaches and opportunities in teaching an academic discipline with the help of IT technologies, it became clear that they are associated with the visualization of educational material. The obtained data of the study include the understanding that IT technologies drastically reduce, if not completely remove the direct control functions of a teacher. The obtained data of the study include the understanding that IT technologies drastically reduce, if not completely remove the direct control functions of a teacher. Therefore, «auditory» control methods began to stand out, when the teacher is forced to memorize each of the students by ear, and when answering a training question, not to confuse one student with another, and «written» control methods, when the teacher formulates a control question via chat.

The purpose of this article is to identify the methodological aspects of implementation of facilitative training in the university, aimed at creating conditions for overcoming the traditional distribution of performing functions for students in the educational process, for their independent and meaningful training. The article analyses both domestic and foreign experiences of facilitative training. The psycho-pedagogical requirements for a facilitator (personal qualities; mastering techniques, methods of facilitation and facilitative technologies) are determined. Based on the analysis of foreign scientific and methodological literature, the modern concept of training facilitation is revealed: the more responsibility for his own training a student assumes, the more effective will be development of his self-learning thinking that will allow him to adapt to changes in the labor market. The methodological aspects of training facilitation, which allow to depart from traditional forms of educational process, have been allocated. The teacher’s rejection of stereotypes in pedagogical thinking, improving skills of asking questions, listening skills, constant correction of the course structure; providing an opportunity for students to select independently educational material, to summarize the lesson, to create their own tests, questions for exams, textbooks on content of the course being studied, to learn from each other, to ask questions and explain the material being studied at practical lessons; to learn the effective functioning in groups, to show individual learning styles, etc. have been proposed. The advantages and disadvantages of facilitative training both for teachers and students are revealed. The results of the study can be used by teachers during practical lessons as well as in control of self-independent work of students.

The article examines the essence of such concepts as «interiorization», «exteriorization», «autoreflexion». It is noted that the leading method of teaching in the technology of optimizing learning and activating students' thinking has been and remains the cognitive-communicative method, according to which the development of mental abilities occurs due to the development of speech. This activity should be supported by the learner's knowledge of the semantics of language and speech units, given that language semantics provides a wide range of opportunities to not only logically, but also variatively express a particular thought. The purpose of this work is to determine the content of training, which will contribute to the formation of systematic knowledge about the ways of constructing speech that achieves its communicative task, accurate analysis of the interlocutor's speech and ways of enriching subjective knowledge, and subsequently - the creation of objectively new information. As you know, the success of any activity depends on the quality of the individual's speech-thinking activity. Mental processing of information requires not only semantic interpretation of messages, but also consideration of external factors of communication, namely the conditions of the speech situation and the individual characteristics of its participants. During the conducted experimental training of students, it was established that the practical skills of information processing successfully formed by students contribute to the optimization of the learning process as a whole, and the skills acquired by students in determining the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of information will be useful to students both in subsequent training and in professional communication.

The relevance of the application of environmental innovations by organizations is justified by the deterioration of the ecological state of the region. The analysis of the environmental development indicators of the region once again emphasizes the need for the development and implementation of environmental innovations by business entities located in the Omsk region, the unfavorable environmental situation negatively affects the quality of life of Omsk residents, their health, and is one of the main reasons for the growth of migration loss in the region's population. The paper considers existing approaches to the consideration of the essence of the definition of the term «environmental innovation», the classification of environmental innovations. The authors considered the dynamics of potentially environmentally hazardous facilities in the city of Omsk; dynamics of emissions of the most common air pollutants, their purification and utilization in the Omsk region over the period. The analysis of the main indicators of innovative activity in the field of development and implementation of environmental innovations in the Omsk region was carried out. The authors emphasize that when analyzing the environmental situation in the region, it is also important to analyze the rating place in the comparative analysis of the environmental situation in other regions. The methodological basis of the work was the work of domestic scientists in the field of summarizing the experience of mastering and using environ-mental innovations by industrial enterprises. In the course of the study, both general scientific methods and techniques (analysis and synthesis, tabular presentation of materials, methods of a systematic approach to studying the problem) and specialized ones (analysis of statistical data of the region, study of the results of monitoring environmental indicators of the development of Russian regions) were used, while sources of secondary information).

The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in the conditions of a labor shortage in the labor market, employers are faced with a shortage of labor, with the selectivity of applicants when choosing a job, and, as a result, with the need to improve the staffing tools used. The author substantiates the point of view: the tools of staffing are not only the search and attraction of the required personnel, but also such an organization of the interview, which, by forming a positive impression of the company among candidates, would create an additional competitive advantage of the employer. The purpose of this work is to study the components of the interview that contribute to the formation of a positive impression of the candidate about the organization (employer). During the study, methods such as analysis of literature sources, generalization and systematization of information, comparison, as well as analysis of statistical information, a graphical method and others were used. The author defines the significant characteristics of the interview that influence the formation of a positive impression of the employer of the candidate for a vacant position, and his decision on employment in the organization. The author highlights the potential shortcomings and limitations that arise when conducting an interview, considers various methods and formats for conducting an interview, and prepares recommendations for conducting an interview with candidates for a vacant position. The results of the study are of a theoretical and practical nature and can be used by specialists in the field of personnel management, managers when interviewing candidates for vacant positions in modern Russian organizations of any organizational and legal forms of ownership and fields of activity in the conditions of labor shortage in the labor market.

The article examines the phenomenon of early repayment of the mortgage principal debt and the refinancing burnout in Russia based on the data of the mortgage agent DOM.RF for the period 2016–2021. The relevance of the study is due to the macroeconomic changes currently taking place, under the influence of which both phenomena under consideration are changing, which are significant for determining the parameters of mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and the investment attractiveness of this financial instrument. The interrelation of the conditional prepayment rate, the refinancing burnout and the dynamics of mortgage interest rates is analyzed. The achievement of the peak value of the conditional repayment rate in 2020 is noted and the assumption is made about the significance of its reaching for the beginning of the refinancing burnout process in the Russian mortgage-backed securities market. The object of the study is the Russian mortgage-backed securities market, the subject of the study is the factors influencing such characteristics of the MBS as profitability, life span, etc. The aim of the work is to consider the MBS level of investment attractiveness and identify possible trajectories of its change in connection with the ongoing macroeconomic changes. The authors used general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis of information, historical method etc., as well as special research methods: time-series analysis, calculation of relative values of dynamics etc.

The result of the study is the determination of the expected direction in which the investment attractiveness of mortgage-backed securities is expected to change, based on the analysis of the CPR values dynamics, weighted average of mortgage interest rates and the share of refinancing in the total volume of issued mortgage loans. The results of the study can be used by various groups of investors (private and institutional investors, companies engaged in investment activities, etc.) to consider the MBS as a financial asset and reduce the uncertainty of expectations regarding changes in the MBS parameters over time.

In the article, the author considers the concept of assessing the market value of receivables. It was revealed that despite the fact that scientific works in the field of estimating the value of receivables are currently being published, but there is a clear understanding of what the valuation of receivables is, what approaches and methods for estimating the value of receivables should be used in the presence of one or another quantitative and qualitative information does not exist. It is described for what purposes and intended use the assessment of the market value of receivables by business entities (organization, creditor, bankruptcy trustee, founder, manager) can be carried out. The author identified methods for assessing the market value of receivables that currently exist, it was also found that not all methods can be used for assessment at the moment (some legal acts are not valid, other methods were developed on the basis of a different methodological approach and do not adapted to the present time). The block of normative legal acts, which must be applied when assessing the market value of receivables (FZ, FSO, SRO Rule), is considered. The applicability of costly, comparative and income approaches to assessing the value of receivables in modern conditions is analyzed. The application of the income approach to assessing the market value of receivables is justified, based on the assessment of the value of the nominal amount of receivables and the interest rate, which takes into account the many risks inherent in the return of receivables. The problems associated with the assessment of the market value of receivables (lack of a special standard for the assessment of receivables, the lack of a clear understanding of the applicability of approaches and methods of assessment, the lack of a comprehensive accounting of factors affecting the cost of receivables, limited information for estimating the value of receivables) are identified, and also considered measures to address these problems. The purpose of the author's scientific research: to study the concept of estimating the value of receivables and the applicability of approaches to estimating the value of receivables in modern conditions. To substantiate the author's scientific results on a given topic, scientific and applied works of both foreign authors and domestic scientists and practitioners in the field of assessing the market value of receivables were used. The research methods are such classical methods as: grouping, comparison, analysis and synthesis.

Innovative projects at the early stages of the life cycle have a high degree of uncertainty, and therefore require specific approaches to their evaluation. It is especially important for such projects to support the actors of the innovation ecosystem and assist in their development. The capabilities of the entity that selects projects to compensate for negative scenarios should be taken into account when ranking. The existing quantitative valuation methods based on the cash flow forecast do not yet give correct estimates at this stage, and the existing qualitative methods based on expert assessments reflect a high proportion of subjectivity. In the process of selecting the most investment-attractive projects at the early stages of the life cycle, there is an acute issue of smoothing out the information asymmetry that arises between a startup and a venture investor or another actor in the innovation ecosystem that supports projects (technoparks, accelerators, business incubators, etc.). In our opinion, the key to solving the problem of reducing information asymmetry can be a practice-oriented methodology that captures the most effective signals coming from projects at the early stages of the life cycle. We offer an author's technologized solution based on the analysis of signals coming from the team and their correct interpretation, consisting in a balanced analysis of the three most important areas for evaluating a venture project: «market and entry strategy», «team» and «product». The parameters of the methodology were selected according to the frequency of mention in 37 analyzed articles and interviews with actors of innovation ecosystems from different countries, expressing their point of view on what criteria should be used when evaluating startups in the early stages of the life cycle. The software product allows the investor to analyze and compare all evaluated projects in one window.

The study of consumer loyalty seems to be relevant today: more and more companies use marketing tools in their practice to attract and subsequently retain customers, since it is known that the cost of attracting a new customer is lower compared to retaining a current one. Earning loyalty in B2B markets comes with unique challenges, often associated with complex channel structures, concentrated buyer communities or large customers, and constantly changing perceived value. Increasingly, individual solutions are required to increase customer loyalty. The article presents the results of a qualitative study aimed at identifying the main factors of consumer loyalty to an IT company operating in a digital environment. The in-depth interview script included three blocks of questions: about developers, project managers, and about the company as a whole. The results of the study showed the dominant nature of rational loyalty, which is typical of B2B markets – a set of skills and professionalism of developers, price. B2B buyers follow rational buying criteria and are less committed to the service provider. However, psychological factors that are components of emotional loyalty also affect the attitude towards the performing company. Since the professionalism of developers is a key factor in customer satisfaction, the task of an IT company is also to form and maintain employee loyalty. This is due to the lack of qualified personnel and the high demand for professional developers in the market. The results of the study can be the basis for studying customer loyalty and are used in the development of loyalty programs in the IT services market.

Achieving a high level of quality of public services provided is becoming one of the most important goals in the activities of executive authorities in the context of the transition to the digital economy. The adopted program documents of the executive authorities should stimulate the introduction of advanced management, organizational and technological solutions at enterprises, introduce digital solutions in the field of public administration and public services, reduce and eliminate regulatory and administrative barriers. Since the beginning of the administrative reform, the activities of the employment service bodies have changed little, they are still only formal intermediaries between people who have lost their jobs and employers. Assessing the activities of the state employment service, it can be concluded that consumer satisfaction with the quality of public service provision is not always a determining indicator of the effectiveness of its work. This situation does not correspond to the approaches declared by the government to assessing the activities of authorities and active policies on the labor market. Thus, the modern requirements of the citizen and society dictate the need to develop methods and methodologies for evaluating the activities of public institutions, including the quality of public services, but currently methodological support for the assessment and management of quality in the field of labor and the provision of public services in the field of employment has not been developed. Modern requirements of the citizen and society dictate the need to develop and use various methods of evaluating the activities of public institutions, including the quality of public services, and therefore it is urgent to improve the quality assessment in public administration. The article shows the possibility of using the GAP model of service quality assessment to assess the satisfaction of consumers of public services by analyzing the gap between the actual (SERVPERF) and expected (SERVQUAL) level of services rendered.

The article considers the experience of applying innovative technologies and tools for promoting transport services on the example of the Joint Stock Company «Russian Railways». The author notes that services have a significant impact on the favorable functioning of the economy and ensuring an increase in the efficiency of social production, a significant share is occupied by transport services, including railway transport services.

The article focuses on the fact that the high competitiveness of railway services does not imply a stop in development. Digital transformation makes it necessary to update corporate strategies and improve digital competencies. In the article, the author attempts to analyze the impact of digitalization on the promotion of JSCo «RZD» transport services, shows the experience of using digital marketing tools, analyzes the company's customer focus, and presents the results of assessing passenger satisfaction with the carrier's services. The author writes about the continued introduction of new methods, technologies and tools of Internet marketing, which made it possible to remain in the global trend. A positive business reputation is formed in communications with different groups of the target audience. Technological solutions are being created to develop customer focus, projects are being developed that combine scientific, technical, engineering, creative and corporate aspects of the implemented policy of Company «Russian Railways». These technologies and tools include Hidden Marketing, Online Reputation Management, SMM.

The article does not reflect the features of the promotion of transport services of Russian Railways in the economic, political and international instability that began in February 2022. Now is the time for major changes in macroeconomic decisions, corporate objectives, and consumer behavior. The author gives a retrospective description of the marketing tools of Russian Railways until 2022 to analyze and evaluate the accumulated experience.

The author's research on the evaluation of innovative methods of promotion in the Russian Railways company is carried out as part of the research work plan of the state budget financing of the Omsk State Transport University in 2019–2022.