The article contains the results of the study about the level and structure costs for the personnel of enterprises. The analysis of the level and cost structure at the enterprises of the Russian Federation is given according to the statistical monitoring of the State Statistics Committee. The purpose of the study was to identify the features of the functioning the mechanism of costs formation for personnel in modern management conditions. The analysis of various approaches to the classification of personnel costs is presented and a grouping of costs is proposed depending on the stage of the life cycle of enterprise development and the content of management actions. A complex of external and internal factors influencing the structure and expenditure level has been formed and analyzed depending on the life cycle of the enterprise development. The influence of the minimum wage on the amount of personnel costs in organizations is considered. According to the statistical monitoring of the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation, the proportion of employees who have earned a wage below the subsistence level and the proportion of employees who have earned a wage below the subsistence level and the minimum wage is described. Particular attention is paid to the study of the structure of personnel costs, the following features have been singled out as features of the existing structure: the dominance of the "salary" component in personnel costs, the low specific weight of costs associated with upgrading skills and vocational training in their overall structure, which affects the competitiveness of the enterprise. The analysis of the differentiation of the level of wages. The results of the research are as follows: the specifics of the functioning of the mechanism for the formation of personnel costs have been identified, specific to the Russian labor market, and measures have been proposed to adjust this mechanism at macro and micro levels.

In modern conditions, the control of environmental, sanitary, radiation safety is increasing in the commercial navigation, the role of preventing threats to international terrorism is increasing, requirements for sea vessels are increasing, methods of monitoring the condition and equipment of ships are becoming more complicated. All this actualizes the issues of improving business processes and information support for the agency of marine vessels. The article shows the dynamics and factors of sea freight traffic and cargo turnover in the Russian Federation, the role of information support and modeling of business processes of ship agency service. The changes in the transportation of agricultural cargoes in the context of the sanctions confrontation and restrictions of the WTO, the increase in the export potential of the grain production of our country and the Krasnodar Territory are considered. The analysis of statistical data on the volumes of freight traffic and freight turnover in the Russian Federation, the trends in the development of sea transport in the world, and the position of Russia in some ratings of the level of development of maritime trade are analyzed. The article reflects the methodology of business process management, the problems of modeling business processes, the practice of arranging ship agency in the commercial port of Taman, the development of the infrastructure of this port and its role in improving the transport and logistics structure of the Azov-Black Sea basin, presented in the scientific and educational literature. A model of the business process for registering a ship's arrival was developed, aimed at reducing the time for servicing ships in seaports during the transportation of agricultural goods. To model and optimize business processes, CASE tools and the integrated CASE tools are used to improve the quality of business process models through automatic control, to estimate the expected result, to speed up the design process, to provide the possibility of modifying and updating the models.

The article presents a methodology for drawing up a business plan for the opening of retail outlets for food products in Omsk. The algorithm of calculation of the business plan with the detailed description of each of the stages is given. The starting point of business planning is the description of the project itself and its purpose, the industry in which the organization operates. An important point here is to determine the feasibility and relevance of the business project. This stage is connected, first of all, with the disclosure of the advantages of the organization implementing the project, in comparison with some representatives of the competitive environment, as well as the shortcomings and threats of activities that impede the full disclosure of its economic potential. At the initial stage, the organization determines those segments of the market for which its activities will be targeted. An integral feature of the retail industry is the exact calculation of sales volumes, coupled with the demand for goods from the public. At the next stage of business planning, the need for core and working capital is calculated, staff salaries are based on social contributions, overhead and pre-operational expenses. Combining all the above costs is carried out at the stage of determining the cost of a business project, which allows you to visually represent the cost groups and the sources of their financing. Determining the profitability of the project, taking into account the costs incurred for its implementation, as well as taxes (this article deals with the application of a single tax on imputed income) is reflected in such a subsection as a profit and loss account. Quarterly, the values of inflows and outflows of funds of the organization for the entire period of operation with disclosure of data for each item are shown in the cash flow statement. In conclusion, the economic efficiency of the project was assessed and the main risks in its implementation were identified. Drawing up a business plan requires the presence of certain competencies in the field of economics, taking into account current information on changes in regulatory acts that regulate the activities of small businesses.

The article is devoted toissues of Corporate Social Responsibility application as a tool of workers’ protection from the negative effect of mobbing as well as the influence of mobbing to the image and economic stability of the company. The comparison of international standards of social responsibility was made. Offers on distribution of the international standards of social responsibility in economic entities are developed. The proposed measures provide stage-by-stage introduction of a number of the international documents and allow to minimize expenses and to maximize synergetic effect of application of the international standards of social responsibility of business. Authors offered the conceptual model of the recommendation of the International Labour Organization directed to counteraction to mobbing-actions in labor collectives of the organizations. Measures of governance support of the Corporate Social Responsibility development and an economic potential of Corporate Social Responsibility application on the region of CIS were considered.

The article is devoted to the problem of the quality of scientific publications. The author aims to identify the reasons contributing to the emergence and continuation of this problem now. To achieve this goal such tasks as the analysis of the institutional framework, initiating the preparation and writing of scientific papers are solved, the article also analyzes the institutions governing research activities of domestic scientists and economic background to the nature of their formation, associated with the problem of calculating the complexity of research activities. The tasks are solved through the application of analytic-synthetic methods. The article reveals the content of the formal institutions regulating scientific activity. Considered separately related criteria, on the basis of which assesses the scientific activity of scientific-pedagogical staff in higher school. It also analyzes the peculiarities of informal institutions prevailing in the practice of the domestic scientific community; describes the motivation of publication activity in the field of University research and the reasons for opportunistic behavior in relation to academic writing; analyzes the barriers to effective development of University research and the associated costs to address them. Including these costs associated with the development of new, more objective evaluation criteria, creation of favorable conditions of teachers ' work, the development of more adequate incentives, material incentives of teachers engaged in scientific research. The author makes a conclusion about the mainly external reason, inducing breach of ethical standards in scientific activity related to the imperfection of the institutional field and existing in connection with this institutional trap, in the form of formal norms that support opportunism in scientific research.

The article reveals the results of studying the concepts of "human potential" and "human capital". A number of differences between them are revealed, the main one being the criterion of profitability from investments in development and human education. The definition of the concept "basic human capital, which is an investment in the human capital of an employee on the part of the individual and the state, is necessary to obtain future incomes. Basic human capital is an important component in the structure of human capital. The article details the composition of investments in basic human capital, assessed the investment in individual basic human capital by the example of the population of municipal districts of the Omsk region. The average individual value of the basic human capital of the population of the municipal districts of the Omsk Region is calculated on the basis of the expenditures of the administrations of the municipal districts of the Omsk Region on education, health, physical culture and sports, housing and communal services, household expenditures and the return on the education of workers of agricultural enterprises in the Omsk region. It was revealed that the main problem of formation and development of the human capital of agriculture is the low investment attractiveness of work in agriculture. The peculiarities of using human capital in agriculture have been revealed. The difficult economic situation of agricultural organizations, the socio-economic problems of the village, the lack of material, social and professional returns determine the low rate of accumulation and development of human capital and high demands on the diverse knowledge and skills of livestock experts in related areas (in zootechny, veterinary medicine, automation and mechanization , organization of production).

In the article the research of a condition of industrial holdings in petrochemical branch of the Omsk region is conducted. Also large industrial holdings became an object of the research: the processing productions and holdings of petrochemical and machine-building complexes, the food industry of the Omsk region. The subject of the specified article is definition of tendencies of development of a petrochemical complex. The purpose of work is estimation of condition and development of industrial holdings. The analysis of a condition and structure of made production of a petrochemical complex of Omsk area is carried out. The structure of tax revenues to budgets of all levels in the Omsk region is disclosed. The estimation of the main financial and economic indicators of the work of industrial holdings by type of economic activity "production of coke and petroleum products" is given. The used methods include: the analysis and synthesis, statistical observation, an index method and calculation of the generalizing indicators, comparisons and generalizations. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the obsolete active funds are used in the petrochemical complex; the tendency to decrease the input ratio of fixed assets is traced. The paper shows that petrochemical holdings in the Omsk region do not reach the recommended values of absolute and current liquidity ratios.The main operating and planned for realization investment projects of petrochemical holdings of the Omsk region are substantiated. The field of application of the obtained results is the work of executive bodies aimed at implementing regional projects to create large-scale efficient production, developing highly efficient, competitive industrial production, renewing basic production assets and introducing modern technological processes, diversifying the defense industry enterprises in the Omsk Region.

The process of introduction of information technologies in various spheres of state and municipal management is one of the most important strategic tasks for our country. The relevance of this study is due to the following circumstances: the need to analyze the national experience in the implementation of Informatization of public administration and government programs for its development and implementation; ineffectiveness of the current system of information and communication support of public administration and the lack of significant results of the introduction and use of modern information technologies at the municipal level; imperfection of the existing methods for assessing the efficiency of public services, including in electronic form and a number of other reasons. The aim of the study is a comprehensive assessment of information and communication support of state and municipal government, in the context of ongoing state programs to create an information society and the electronic state in the Russian Federation, the processes of implementation of information technologies in the work of state bodies on the example of the Ministry of education, physical culture and sports of Omsk region. The main objectives of the study were: to determine approaches to assessing the effectiveness of public administration comparative; analysis of the evaluation of quality and efficiency of state and municipal services in electronic form; identification of problems of public services in electronic form and identification of ways to solve them. As a methodological base was used for comparative analysis of methodologies for assessing the effectiveness of services designed by Lunev A. N., Pugacheva N. B. Alekseeva Y. A. the main results include the development of a new methodology for assessing the quality and effectiveness of delivery of public services by adapting an existing technique Lunev A. N. and Pugacheva N. B.

In modern, rapidly changing conditions of management in Russia, agricultural enterprises face certain problems in adapting their accounting system to new structural and production changes. Accounting should be reoriented from today's main task - compilation of reports, to solve the tasks of managing production and economic activities; the orientation of accounting for management is a requirement of a market economy. At present, accounting tasks are not limited to presenting the necessary data to state regulators, as well as banks, suppliers, partners, etc. The functions of accounting have expanded and now include the preparation of information to assist the administration in the implementation of its tasks, such as planning, development of production policy, decision-making, control and accounting of performance of works and their results. In order to achieve the set goal related to the management of the enterprise and its structural divisions, it is important to solve the problems of developing the methodological, methodological and organizational base for management accounting, performed for the benefit of internal users of information, in accordance with the requirements of the market economy and the accumulated international experience. The creation of a system, management accounting is a matter not only of effective enterprise management, but also the question of its very existence in the market conditions. The ability to quickly adapt to the dynamically changing market conditions is the main advantage provided by modern methods of management accounting and the corresponding business models. Providing information to internal consumers requires the creation of management accounts, the further improvement of the chart of accounts, the methodology for organizing management accounting for cost centers and responsibility centers and identifying negative and positive deviations from the norms, the wide application of accounting data for forecasting purposes and the development of a financial strategy.The identification of the problems of management accounting occurred under the influence of the emergence of new real needs in practice, new goals and tasks in the management and functioning of the economic mechanism. Today, in many agricultural enterprises, the prime cost is not used as an objective economic indicator in operational management. Meanwhile, expenditure management is the core of management accounting and regular management. The accounting and calculating system should be built on a scientific methodological basis and provide a sufficiently differentiated, accurate and timely information on all costs for production. Accounting for production costs is the most important tool for evaluating the performance of any business unit, identifying the results of saving all types of resources, ensuring current, operational control over production costs, determining the actual cost price and analyzing all the technical and economic factors of its formation, justifying the economic efficiency of organizational and technical decisions. The functioning of the internal economic mechanism and its improvement largely depend on the correct choice of accounting methods and bringing them into line with the tasks that it is called upon to address.

The article shows the importance of the development of the segments of waste recycling of production and consumption for a building of resource saving system of the Russian industry, the place of the segment of processing rubber waste in industrial production as a supplier of initial resources for different sectors of the economy. The influence of the external environment on the organization of production processes in the segment is considered and such specific features of functioning of enterprises of the industry, as the parallel implementation of processes of the providing services and production, working with a limited resource base, the concentration of industries in the European part of the Russian Federation and fulfilment of both commercial and environmental objectives are determined. These features create a negative background of the external environment and limit prospects of development of the considered segment, which explains the aim of the work.The aim of the work is the development of mechanisms to overcome the negative impact of background environment for the segment of processing rubber waste.To achieve the objectives of the main processes occurring in the industry, the following were identified: the use of rubber products, the transfer of waste to processing plants, the processing of waste and their return to economic circulation and the use of secondary resources.These processes were combined in a technologic map, based on which the main participants were determined, the parameters of the implementation of selected process were described and ways of their optimization were proposed.These proposals formed the basis for the developed procedure for the implementation of amended business process.The main difference of proposed procedure is the accounting of diversity of the applied tools and the role of the state in the organization of production processes in the segment of processing rubber waste, which will ensure the implementation of modified workflow mechanisms for both existing and newly established enterprises.

The article analyzes the unsatisfactory condition of a larger share of secondary residential real estate, in particular, relating to the dilapidated and emergency, but in action, which is a problem for all levels of government in many cities of our country. The aim of the work is to substantiate the necessity of reconstruction and modernization of secondary residential complexes in terms of improving energy efficiency and energy saving. The theoretical substantiation of the necessity of energy-efficient modernization of secondary residential complexes in the Russian Federation is carried out. We have studied the experience of foreign countries in the introduction of energy-efficient technologies in the reconstruction of housing. Significant problems have been identified for the reconstruction of existing buildings. It was revealed that the solution to these problems is hampered by the high demand for housing, which can not be fully satisfied, based on the slowdown in housing construction, and the decrease in the population's solvency. The results of the analysis show that energy-efficient modernization of secondary residential complexes is the most reasonable solution to this problem, which, provided that the quality of life requirements, the comfort of the population of regions and energy efficiency are successfully met in accordance with the requirements of technological development and modernization of the national economy.The author came to the conclusion that energy-efficient modernization of secondary housing is the basis for solving energy efficiency problems in the Russian Federation, which is a complex set of necessary measures aimed at the reconstruction of housing and engineering infrastructure, thereby improving the comfort of life.

The authors consider the formation of legal consciousness and raising the level of legal culture. At the same time, a number of ideological and organizational measures are proposed to help create a comfortable social and legal environment. It emphasizes the special role of the legal clinic in providing free legal assistance in the process of forming the legal consciousness of students in higher educational institutions. Also in the article it was noted that the creation and functioning of legal clinics as a form of providing free qualified legal aid to the population by higher education institutions is one of the measures of state policy in the field of education and upbringing of the younger generation, legal education and training of legal personnel. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the legal consciousness of university students, the formation of legal competence. In addition, the authors of the article compare the domestic and foreign experience of providing free legal assistance, since at present foreign systems have established certain systems of providing free legal aid with their own peculiarities. The authors note in the study that the activities of the legal clinic of the Siberian Institute of Business and Information Technologies are built taking into account the experience of foreign countries. In conclusion, the authors of the article come to the conclusion that the work of students in a legal clinic can contribute to the education of tolerance and humanism among young people.

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern legal regulation of relations that arise when parents (persons who replace parents) of minors fulfill their responsibilities for the upbringing and development of the child, including information about minors, and also when the guilty parent is brought to administrative responsibility for non-compliance with obligations under the the upbringing of children. The aim of the work is to characterize Russian standard regulation regulation regulating relations for the realization of the right of a minor to protect information that harms his health, morality, intellectual and other development, and also establishes the duty of parents to ensure the realization of this child's right and administrative responsibility for the non-observance or improper execution of duties. In addition, the present legal regulation of the above-mentioned relations is critically analyzed by the authors of the article with a view to identifying gaps in legal regulation and formulating proposals to address such gaps in legislation. The methodological basis of the research is composed of such methods and techniques of scientific knowledge as: dialectical-materialistic, analysis and synthesis, sociological, comparative legal, formally legal, with the help of which authors were able to analyze the special aspects of the legal regulation of parents relations of minors to their duties in education, physical, intellectual and other development of the child, protection of his rights and legitimate interests. In the course of the study the problems of law enforcement practice of territorial commissions on juvenile affairs and protection of their rights were identified in determining the objective side of administrative offense for parents of minors provided for by the part 1 of Article 5.35 of Russian Federation Administrative Offence Code. And also the gaps in the legal regulation of the mechanism for the realization of child's right to protection from information, which is harmful to the health, physical, moral and other development of the minor. The result of the study is the proposal to improve the legal regulation of relations arising in the parents' performance of their child's responsibilities for its proper upbringing and development which, in turn, will improve the law enforcement practice of such extrajudicial body with jurisdictional powers as commissions on juvenile affairs and protection of their rights.

The article considers the problems of implementation of programs of additional professional education institutions of higher education under the Federal law of 05.04.2013 № 44-FZ «On contract system in procurement of goods, works, services for state and municipal needs». The aim of this article is to identify the legal conditions of action of institutions of higher education to provide educational services on programs of additional professional education in the conditions of contract system. The main objectives of the article are: identification of conditions for participation of educational organizations in civil law relations; evaluation of the terms of use institution of higher education as provider of education, the advantages of the contract system; development of recommendations on improvement of organizational and legal mechanisms of participation of educational organizations in the contract system. The use of the system analysis helped identify the conditions and mechanisms for the provision of educational services through the organization of higher education in the conditions of the contract system and competition procedures through a formal legal method of assessing the content of legislation on the contract system and additional vocational education. The formal-logical method determined the content of the rules of implementation of programs of additional professional education, as a local act regulating the order of interaction of structural subdivisions of educational organizations. The result of this research is the recommendations for the improvement of specific local regulations the organization of higher education, to develop the rules of interaction between structural units in order to increase the effectiveness of participation in competitive procedures in Contracting for the provision of educational services. It is noted that the current contract system provides the ability to obtain funds from income-generating activities in the programmes of additional professional education only upon condition of participation in competitive procedures.

The politico-legal doctrine of the prominent Russian liberal notionalist of the beginning of XX century - Paul IvanovichNovgorodsev is considered in the article. In particular, the idea of the revival of natural law, the social ideal declared as the "principle of free universalism", as well as the idea of solidarity, which has a fundamental meaning in the doctrine of theorists, is disclosed. The aim of the work is to disclose purpose of the idea of solidarity in the concept of P.I. Novgorodsev, to show connection to the concept of regenerate natural right and the principle of free universalism. Methodology of the research is based on dialectical method of cognition. Such methods of logics as analyses, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy were used during the preparation of the work. Such private-science methods as chronological, problematic, historical-comparative, formal-legal and the method of comparative jurisprudence were used as well. In the work the author presents adherence of P.I. Novgorodsev to the natural law approach, where the natural law is a complex of ideal norms, arising from nature without people’s outrage. These norms are based on the principles of personality, freedom, justice and love. The natural law is one of the means of achieving free universalism, based on the principles of free, equal and striving for interaction and understanding of people. Implementation of a natural law basics and the principle of free universalism promotes the development of social solidarity. While solidarity is considered a fact and a duty, expressed by the demand for moral consciousness, based on the recognition and respect for freedom and equality of the individual. The author comes to conclusion that solidarity is a sophisticated phenomenon, assuming awareness by individuals of absolute basics of free and equal personality, and generating universal respect and assistance. This awareness causes practical consequences - social reforms. Thus, idea of solidarity commemorates transfer from moral consciousness to legal consciousness.

The article reveals the issues of penetration of the norms of Muslim law into the adat of the peoples of the North Caucasus. The preconditions for Islamization were an attempt to carry out a social revolution, which did not take into account a number of important features that had taken place in the relations between the social strata of the Caucasian societies.Along with this, comparative-comparative analysis of the penetration of Sharia into the customary law of the Kazakhs is conducted. The reasons of counteraction to violent introduction of the Muslim right by the people of the North Caucasus and advantages of the policy of the tsarist administration are revealed. The author of the article came to the conclusion that the criminal proceedings, as well as the system of crimes and punishments among the peoples of the North Caucasus, were based on the adat norms. At the same time, the penetration of the norms of Muslim law had a positive impact on raising the cultural and moral consciousness and eradicating inhuman institutions that existed in customary law. When forming political and legal thought in the adat reform, the nature of the Eurasian society was not taken into account and does not take into account, the peoples of the North Caucasus, which followed the rules of aristocratic and democratic rule, are inalienable representatives of this society.

In the article the use of the computer environments Mathcad and Maple for the decision of different mathematical tasks is considered. Mathcad has an exceptional simplicity of the interface, which made it one of the most popular mathematical package among students.Mathematical expressions are presented on the computer screen in standard and familiar notation - they have the same form as in the book, on the laptop, on the board.With them it is possible to execute numerical or character operations, to build diagrams, etc. The Maple system in a conversational mode solves huge number of mathematical problems from simple calculations and numerical modeling before the most difficult analytical conversions and computation. It has powerful graphic tools, the built-in programming language, is the reference manual according to almost all sections of the modern mathematics. Mathcad and Maple are the environments for all. In them there is a STUDENT packet for students, there are packets of narrow assignment for professional mathematicians. These computer mathematics systems provide the user with an extensive set of tools for implementing graphical, analytical and numerical methods for solving mathematical problems. By executing routine or unwieldy optional operations, packages allow you to learn, without mastering the entire technique of mathematical transformations, independently perform cumbersome calculations, solve information examples and acquire stable skills in solving all-mathematical and applied problems. Advantages of the mathematical environments Mathcad and Maple are considered, features of their interfaces are described, and the simplicity which made these mathematical packets the most popular among students is marked. Decisions of mathematical tasks by means of the computer environments Mathcad and Maple are provided: solution of the Diophantine equations, quadratic equations and cubic equations. It is useful for student to have near at hand handbooks or manuals on the specified systems. At students existence at least of primary skills of operation in these systems, in particular, ability to edit and format diagrams, formulas, results of computation is supposed. Functions will be the main object in operation. The aim of the article is a comparative analysis of the capabilities of the metamathematical media Mathcad and Maple, as well as the solution of various mathematical problems using these media. The objectives of the research are: a comparative analysis of the capabilities of the Mathcad interface and the Maple interface; solution with the help of the indicated mathematical media of quadratic equations; solution with the help of the indicated mathematical media of cubic equations; solution with the help of the indicated mathematical media of Diophantine equations. Research methods: theoretical analysis of research problems; mathematical modeling of real processes and phenomena; analysis; synthesis. The results of the research: suggested methodical recommendations on the use of mathematical environments Mathcad and Maple for solving mathematical problems and problems of reality.

In the modern globalized world, education from national priorities of developed countries is transforming to the category of the world's priorities. Educational policy proves to be of particular importance for the development of Russian statehood nowadays. The processes of globalization and market-based approach to higher education havealready had an impact on education in Russia. The article analyses the contradictions in understanding and interpretation of educational services related to the problem of the quality assurance in education under the new economic environment. The results of the analysis lead to the conclusion to restore the understanding of the true role of education, returning to the peculiarities of Russian national identity. Education should be perceived primarily as a public domain and good, which in practice involves the correction of educational strategies, abandoning the bureaucratic system of monitoring universities, perception of education services only to the extent where it is economically and legally justified. The authors insist that purely economic understanding of education as the provision of services to meet educational needs of the population reveals fundamental contradictions and does not assure the quality in education. Global trends now interpret educational services in the most developed countries as public good, which provides a positive effect in extensive economy. It should be noted that the theory of “public goods” is underdeveloped in the western science, and even more, in the Russian economic literature. Therefore, the subject of the article appears to be relevant, since the authors emphasize a balanced approach to the challenges and objective limits of the “purely market methods”.

The article represents the information of specialists in biathlon and ski races on fundamental changes of the modern techniques of skating moves associated with improved sliding of the ski and the increasing speeds of running. As a result of the analysis of running technique installed: change speed-power mode of operation of muscles when moving flat areas and shallow lifts repulsion become more explosive and concentrated, which is characteristic of speed-strength endurance. When overcoming steep climbs at the same time-doksany swing - repulsion is slower which takes more effort, which is typical for dynamic power endurance. The article shows a necessity of development of special physical qualities of athletes in mixed and anaerobic-glycolytic zones. In connection with the above, the authors of this article have developed and experimentally verify the effectiveness of the method of development of speed endurance of biathletes of 13-14 years old in the preparatory period of the annual cycle of training given the sensitive period of development speed-power qualities and age-related physiological peculiarities of the organism of young athletes. Exercises of special and general training facilities were introduced in the training process of athletes at I and II stages of the preparatory period. Their peculiarity is that they are aimed at increasing the frequency of movements of cross-country skiing and speed increase short-term accelerations during a race. Compound exercises allow you to develop the anaerobic-alactate and anaerobic-glycolytic power and capacity of energy supply of muscle-specific activity of young athletes, thereby raising the threshold level of anaerobic metabolism.

Education as a single purposeful process of training as a tool for the development of society, while education in ancient times was people-centred and practice-oriented, as had two main functions of socialization and adaptation to the conditions of existence. Practicerelevant and the need for the most rapid development of the necessary skills identified standardisierung education. The article considers the problem of practical orientation of modern Russian higher education in the conditions of realization of educational standards. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved with the application of scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization: the analysis of educational standards of several generations, the concept of applied and academic bachelor's from the perspective of its implementation, discusses the main trends in the reform of the education system from the standpoint of practical orientation. Analysis of the main trends of modern education leads to the conclusion about the need to build long-term social partnerships, involving participation of employers in the creation and adjustment of educational programs, the implementation of the practical part of the educational process through the conduct of practical classes, provision of practices and internships, and also through the creation, maintenance and updating of material-technical base of educational institutions, which will reduce the gap between higher education and the needs of the employer, will contribute to the rapid adaptation of graduates in the workplace, and will enable it to meet the needs of employer staffing. The results of the study can be applied in the implementation of educational programs in vocational educational institutions and institutions of higher education, particularly in building cooperation with employers and social partnership.

In this article the author presents the didactic requirements for the development and use of educational software in the learning process. Objectives of the study: to identify the main requirements that apply to pedagogical software tools, to reveal their essence, and to analyze the feasibility of using software for educational purposes to improve the training of masters of pedagogy for research activities using ICT tools. Research methods: method of generalization of independent characteristics, analysis and comparison. Software tools used in the educational purposes, possess the teaching function, therefore, any curriculum must be built according to the didactic principles of teaching, establishing the requirements for software pedagogical means (PPS). Along with this, methods of teaching of the subject takes into account the peculiarities and uniqueness of the relevant scientific disciplines. Therefore, it is advisable to talk about the methodological requirements of the PPP, providing the originality and the specificity of each science and a school subject that corresponds to it. Setting requirements for the PPP, one should consider the motivation of choosing the topic for the PPP, which is argued by methodological purposes, and to test the pedagogical effectiveness of the use of the PPP. The results of the study: analysis of requirements and pedagogical appropriateness of software for educational purposes in order to improve the training of masters of pedagogy in research activities using ICT tools and PS for educational purposes showed that the priority (from the point of view of the pedagogical effectiveness of the use and implementation of modern trends of informatization process of education) is the development and use of software tools that implement the ideas of theories of learning focused on the development of an individual student and the intensification of the learning process.

The picture of modern criminalistics for the period 2012-2016 is demonstrated through the study of a publication of works from the database eLIBRARY. In particular, the following is established: in general, the overall increase in the number of publications is evident; at the same time there are general pronounced tendencies of growth in the number of such types of publications as: a textbook, a training manual, work in collections, as well as other works (including articles in journals) - thereby increasing the volumes of operational scientific information; demonstrated the dynamics of the number of different types of work; revealed that fresh scientific information on a particular topic at the same time period is probably more likely to be found only in one of the types of works - either in dissertations (abstracts) - or in collections of works (or in other works, including scientific articles); Top-100 magazines are shown in terms of the «number of jobs for forensics»; the distribution of scientific information on publications was demonstrated; It is established that although the editions are the leaders of the rating and have more weighty indicators of the number of publications, nevertheless, a very significant part of the scientific information appears in the publications of a low forensic rating; there is a general tendency to reduce the number of words in the titles of works, which indicates that the authors of the subject domain are increasingly inclined to generalization. The research used methods: mathematical, bibliometric, analysis, synthesis, generalization, deduction. The results of the study are applicable to specialists in the field of criminalistics, science, students of law schools in the process of studying criminalistics.