DYNAMICS AND QUESTIONS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE REGIONS

Abstract

One of the most important infrastructure projects for the development of the Russian Arctic is the Northern Sea Route. The development of the NSR will reduce the cost of cargo transportation, as well as receive income from the passage of foreign vessels through the territorial waters of Russia. Large-scale infrastructure projects of the NSR assume sufficient availability of resources. Among the activities within the framework of the federal project, the construction and modernization of infrastructure, rescue fleet, ice-class vessels, nuclear icebreakers, the creation of a digital ecosystem of the NSR, the construction of LNG terminals, oil and coal terminals are highlighted. Projects are financed from the federal budget and investments of the largest companies (NOVATEK, ROSATOM, etc.). Raw materials are mostly extracted on the way of the NSR, free land resources are abundant. The main difficulty in ensuring the smooth operation of the NSR is the provision of competent human resources.
The article examines the socio-economic indicators that affect the current state of labor resources in the regions of the NSR. The research is carried out by analyzing statistical data presented in reports on regional development, studying long-term plans approved by the state bodies of the Russian Federation. As a result, such problems of development of the northern regions as: uneven industrial and economic development of territories, low density of permanent residents, stable outflow of qualified able-bodied population, a significant percentage of emergency housing stock at high cost per square meter and lack of modern infrastructure facilities, low occupancy of secondary and higher vocational education institutions, their remoteness from the ports of the NSR. The recommendations made based on the results of the study can be applied in the formation of regional development programs.