DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES AS A DRIVER OF RUSSIA’S ECONOMIC GROWTH

The article is devoted to the consideration of opportunities for the development of hightech industries as a locomotive (driver) of Russia’s economic growth in modern conditions. The development of high-tech industries is an integral part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the evolution of the sixth technological paradigm. The article analyzes Russian and foreign scientific literature and gives a holistic view of the approaches to understanding high-tech industries as a point of economic growth. Three approaches to categorizing industries as high-tech industries are compared: Rosstat, UNIDO, OECD. In addition, the approach based on the economic complexity of products is considered. The authors analyze the following indicators: the share of products of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries in gross domestic product, the contribution of high-tech industries to gross value added, the share of high-tech goods in total imports, the share of high-tech goods in total exports, the share of organizations engaged in technological innovation. It is concluded that when choosing the priorities of industrial policy — the sectors that are the drivers of economic growth — it is advisable to stimulate the production of high-tech equipment and the introduction of technological innovations in production. The promising hightech industries that could act as locomotives of economic growth are chemical production and production of computers, electronic and optical products.

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