LAW AS A MEANS OF ENSURING THE SOLIDARITY OF POWER AND THE PEOPLE IN THE TEACHINGS OF S.A. KOTLYAREVSKY

The article is devoted to the analysis of the idea of solidarity in the politico-legal doctrine of the outstanding Russian liberal jurist of the beginning of the 20th century - Sergei AndreevichKotlyarevsky. In particular, the idea of solidarity and its influence on authority and law is disclosed, also the view of the scientist on the theory of the origin of the state, and the essence of political authority and the idea of legal self-restriction of state authority are analyzed. The purpose of the work is, analyzing the politico-legal doctrine of S.A. Kotlyarevsky, to reveal the essence of the idea of solidarity, to analyze its impact on the development and functioning of law and the legal self-restriction of state authority. The methodological basis of the research was the dialectical method of cognition. In preparing the work, general-purpose methods were used, such as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy. Private-science methods were also applied, such as chronological, problematic, historical-comparative, system-structural, formal-legal and comparative law. The research of the politico-legal doctrine of S.A. Kotlyarevsky presents that in his views on the origin of the state, the native jurist adhered to the theory of violence developed by L. Gumplowicz. The state is the bearer and representative of political authority. In order to maintain stability, the state must act in the interests of social solidarity. In his views on law, S.A. Kotlyarevsky was an adherent of the concept of the revived natural law. The law arose independently of the state and had a long pre-state history. Since the inception of the state, the law has undergone significant changes. The adoption of state authority requires completely new norms. As the main aim of his doctrine, the thinker saw the search for such an organization of political authority in a state in which the individual, obeying the state, would obey his will. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the state, in order to maintain stability, is forced to resort to the establishment of social solidarity, which involves satisfying the interests of the individual by asserting their rights and freedoms. The establishment of such an organization of political authority in which the individual, obeying the state, obeyed his will, can be achieved only through the realization of the principle of solidarity of authority and the people, which does not consider the freedom and dependence of the individual as opposing categories.

solidarity, law, revived natural law, state, power, legal self-restriction of power, liberalism, S.А. Kotlyarevsky

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