METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING STUDENTS OF SOLVING MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS: SOLUTION STEPS AND THEIR CONTENT

The article presents the procedural component of the method of teaching students to solve mathematical problems. On the basis of analysis of scientific and methodological literature, comparison, generalization and the study of teaching experience, a model of the problem solving process, represented by four stages: condition analysis, planning solution, implementation of solutions, studying of the computed solution is proposed by the author. The original result can be considered that these stages are filled with the content, which, on the one hand, is often a self-sustained object in the methodology of teaching mathematics, but, on the other hand, is a necessary and sufficient condition for the implementation of the stages of the solution of the problem. The last - mentioned allows us to talk about the theoretical and practical significance. The obtained results can be applied for the further theoretical research as a starting point, whereas the material of the article covers structurally all activities inherent in the solution of mathematical problems. The material of the article will be useful for students studying under the direction of “pedagogical education” as a material of a kind of lecture in which the positions of various authors on the teaching of solving mathematical problems have a single interpretation. The presented results will be of interest to a teacher - practitioner, as far as they can be a structural model for the developing his own methods for teaching students a specific type of mathematical problems. The positive role of solving the problem in achieving not only the mathematical subject results, but also personal and meta-subject results of teaching is multiply emphasized by the author in both intermediate and final conclusions. The second and fourth more heuristic stages will increasingly contribute to this in comparison with the first and second more algorithm-driven stages of solving the problem.

mathematical problem, problem solving, problem solving stages, teaching mathematics, teaching of the solution of the mathematical problems

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