THE RIGHT AND PRINCIPLE OF FREE UNIVERSALISM IN INTERPRETATION P. I. NOVGORODTSEV

The politico-legal doctrine of the prominent Russian liberal notionalist of the beginning of XX century - Paul IvanovichNovgorodsev is considered in the article. In particular, the idea of the revival of natural law, the social ideal declared as the "principle of free universalism", as well as the idea of solidarity, which has a fundamental meaning in the doctrine of theorists, is disclosed. The aim of the work is to disclose purpose of the idea of solidarity in the concept of P.I. Novgorodsev, to show connection to the concept of regenerate natural right and the principle of free universalism. Methodology of the research is based on dialectical method of cognition. Such methods of logics as analyses, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy were used during the preparation of the work. Such private-science methods as chronological, problematic, historical-comparative, formal-legal and the method of comparative jurisprudence were used as well. In the work the author presents adherence of P.I. Novgorodsev to the natural law approach, where the natural law is a complex of ideal norms, arising from nature without people’s outrage. These norms are based on the principles of personality, freedom, justice and love. The natural law is one of the means of achieving free universalism, based on the principles of free, equal and striving for interaction and understanding of people. Implementation of a natural law basics and the principle of free universalism promotes the development of social solidarity. While solidarity is considered a fact and a duty, expressed by the demand for moral consciousness, based on the recognition and respect for freedom and equality of the individual. The author comes to conclusion that solidarity is a sophisticated phenomenon, assuming awareness by individuals of absolute basics of free and equal personality, and generating universal respect and assistance. This awareness causes practical consequences - social reforms. Thus, idea of solidarity commemorates transfer from moral consciousness to legal consciousness.

principle of free universalism, solidarity, natural law, P.I. Novgorodsev, liberalism, law, state, social ideal

1. Буржуа Л. Солидарность [Текст] / Л. Буржуа. - М.: Т-во А. А. Левенсон, 1899. - 89 с.

2. Валицкий А. Философия права русского либерализма [Текст] / А. Валицкий. - М.: Мысль, 2012. - 657 с.

3. Новгородцев П. И. Государство и право [Электронный ресурс] / П. И. Новгородцев. - Режим доступа: http://relig-library.pstu.ru/modules.php?name=281, свободный.

4. Новгородцев П. И. Демократия на распутьи [Текст] / П. И. Новгородцев. - Берлин: Обелиск, 1923. - 107 с.

5. Новгородцев П. И. Кризис современного правосознания [Текст] / П. И. Новгородцев. - М.: Т-во И. Н. Кушнерев и Ко, 1909. - 393 с.

6. Новгородцев П. И. О задачах современной философии права [Электронный ресурс] / П. И. Новгородцев. - Режим доступа: http://library.nlu.edu.ua/POLN_TEXT/KOMPLEKS/KURS_1/kurs/10/31_1.htm, свободный.

7. Новгородцев П. И. О праве на существование [Текст] / П. И. Новгородцев. - СПб: Т- во М. О. Вольф, 1911. - 48 с.

8. Новгородцев П. И. Об общественном идеале [Текст] / П. И. Новгородцев. - СПб: Слово, 1921. - 386 с.

9. Новгородцев П. И. Право естественное [Электронный ресурс] / П. И. Новгородцев // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона. - Режим доступа: http://www.runivers.ru/bookreader/book10179/#page/426/mode/1up, свободный.

10. Российский либерализм: идеи и люди [Текст] / под ред. А. А. Кара-Мурзы. - М.: Новое издательство, 2007. - 902c.

11. Фролова Е. А. Теоретико-методологические вопросы доктрины возрожденного естественного права (П. И. Новгородцев) [Текст] / Е. А. Фролова // Кантовский сборник. - 2015. - №1. - 122 с.